(二十一期)
compete vi. 比赛,竞赛
[特征]
compete指为了达到某个目的与另一个或其他人“竞争”,仅仅是为了争得名次、奖品,并不含有将对手征服的意思。
- Five children competed in the race.
五个孩子参加了赛跑。
[备考必背]
①重要词组
compete with/against sb. 和某人竞争
- The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.
孩子们竞相抵达池子的另一端。
compete for sth. 为某事而竞争
- In this game the women will compete with the men for the gold medal.
在这场比赛中,女子要和男子争夺金牌。
compete with sb. in ... 和某人在……方面竞争
- Will you compete with Tom in the swimming race?
你将和汤姆比赛游泳吗?
②派生词:competitor n. 竞争者
- There were 12 competitors in the dash.
有十二名选手参加了此次赛跑。
composition n. 写作,作文
[特征]
- The students are asked to write a composition on the Great Wall.
学生们被要求写一篇关于长城的作文。(有关某方面的作文用介词on)
[备考必背] 辨析composition和article
composition指的是学生练习的“作文”,一般都比较短小;article指报刊杂志上所载的论述性的“论文,文章”。
conclude v. ①推断出,下结论 ②结束,终止
[特征]
- We concluded that he wouldn't come.
我们断定他不会来了。
- The meeting concluded at nine o'clock.
会议于九点钟结束。
[贴心叮咛]
conclude是高中阶段很重要的单词,我们把它的用法全列在这里,这也是它的全部考点。
[考点]
①conclude作“推断”讲时,表示“从……推断出”,与from连用。
- I conclude from what he said that he was dissatisfied.
从他的言语中我可以推断出他不满意。
②如果用-ing分词表示“结束”的方式,用by引导。
- She concluded her speech by quoting a passage from Shakespeare.
她引用了一段莎士比亚的话结束了演讲。
③如果表示“用……结束”,则用with引导。
- I will conclude my article with the sentence.
我将以这句话结束我的文章。
condition n. 条件,状况,情况
[特征]
- Health is a condition of happiness.
健康是幸福的一个条件。
- The professor studied how to improve soil conditions.
这位教授研究如何改良土壤状况。
- He took an active part in the workers' struggle for better pay and better conditions.
[考点]
①在指身体状况良好时,不用in good condition,而要用keep fit and well。
②指生活或工作条件时,用复数conditions。
(误)He is living in a terrible condition.
(正)He is libing in terrible conditions.
他的生活条件很差。
③in good/excellent/bad condition 情况良好/很好/糟糕(condition前不用冠词a/an)
on condition that ... 条件是……,根据……
- You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank.
你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以去游泳。
on this/that/no condition 在这种/那种条件下/无论如何都不
- You must on no condition tell him what has happened.
你无论如何都不能告诉她发生了什么事。
(二十二期)
conduct n. 行为 vt. 带领,处理,指导
[特征]
- One's conduct should agree with his words.
一个人应该言行一致。
- My friend conducted us round the city.
我的朋友带领我们在城市里参观了一圈。
- He conducts his business very successfully.
他把生意做得很成功。
[贴心叮咛]
conduct作“行为”讲时,指一个人的行为方式。另外,conduct作动词用时意思比较多,一定要好好把握。
congratulate vt. 祝贺
[特征]
- I want to congratulate you with all my heart.
我要衷心地祝贺你。
- We congratulated him on having passed the examination.
我们祝贺他通过了考试。
- I congratulated my girlfriend on her birthday.
我向女友祝贺生日。(因某事向某人表示祝贺,用介词on。)
connect v. 连接,把……联系起来
[特征]
- The two cities are connected by a railway.
这两座城市通过铁路相连。
[备考必背]
①重要词组:connect ... with/to ... 把……和……连接起来
- The bridge connects the island with the mainland.
这座桥把岛屿和大陆连接起来。
②辨析connect和unite
connect作“连接,联系”讲时,强调不紧密地联结,只是通过某一因素建立联系,侧重各自的独立;unite作“联合”讲时,强调内在的紧密联系,为了达到共同目的而联合。
- The two countried England and Scotland united in 1706.
英格兰和苏格兰两个国家在1706年合并。
③派生词:connection n. 连接,联系
- I have connections with my old friends.
我和老朋友有联系。
consider vt. ①考虑 ②认为,将……看作
[特征]
- The company is considering investing.
公司正在考虑投资。
- The judge considers that the driver is not to blame.
法官认为司机没有过错。
[贴心叮咛]
consider是非常重要的单词,我们把它的用法详细地列在这里,如果同学们能认真阅读并理解记忆,consider的相关试题将迎刃而解。
[考点]
①consider后面接动名词,而不接不定式。
(误)I am considering to write to him.
(正)I am considering writing to him.
我正在考虑给他写信。
②consider sth./sb. (to be) + adj./n. 认为……是……
- We consider it to be true. = We consider it true. = We consider that it is true.
我们认为这是真实的。
- I considered him an honest man.
我认为他是个诚实的人。
- He considers himself intelligent.
他认为自己很聪明。
③consider ... as ... 把……看作……(as可以省略)
- I consider Mr. Smith (as) my best friend.
我把史密斯先生当成我最好的朋友。
[练习与解答]
- Now that she is out of a job. Lucy going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet. [2004 北京]
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to consider
答案:B
(露西失业了,她一直在考虑着回学校,但还没有决定。本题考查的是动词时态。根据上下句子,可以知道露西自失业以后一直在考虑回学校的事,所以用过去完成进行时态。)
(二十三期)
consist vi. ①由……组成 ② 在于
[特征]
- The committee consists of ten members.
这个委员会由十名成员组成。
[备考必背] 重要词组
consist of 由……组成,由……构成
- The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
英国由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成。
consist in 在于,存在于
- The beauty of the city consists largely in the style of its ancient buildings.
这个城市的魅力很大程度上在于它的古建筑风格。
consist with 和……一致
- Theory should consist with practice.
理论应与实践相一致。
contain vt. 包含,容纳;容忍
[特征]
- His new book contained some interesting ideas.
他的新书包括一些有趣的思想。
- This drawer contains all the forks we own.
这个抽屉里盛放着我们所有的餐叉。
- A pound contains 16 ounces.
一磅等于十六盎司。
- He could contain himself no longer.
他再也无法自制。
[备考必背]
①辨析contain,include和hold
contain着重指“内有“,被包含的东西既可有形,也可无形;include着重指被包含者只是整体的一部分;hold作“容纳”讲时,主要指容量。
- The house contains four rooms.
这所房子有四个房间。
- There are eight people, including three women.
这儿有八个人,包括三个女的。
- This bottle can hold two glasses of milk.
这个瓶子能装两杯牛奶。(指瓶子的容量)
②派生词:container n. ①容器 ②集装箱
contribution n. ①捐款,捐赠物 ②贡献 ③投稿
[特征]
contributions to the relief fund 捐给救济基金的款项
- The editor is short of contributions for the May issue.
编辑缺少编五月号刊物的稿件。
[备考必背] 重要词组
make a contribution to/toward ... 对……做出贡献
- The scientist made great contributions to science.
这位科学家为科学做出了巨大的贡献。
control n. & v. 指挥,控制,支配
[特征]
- The fire was under control.
火势已得到控制。
- They want to control our life.
他们想控制我们的生活。
[贴心叮咛]
control既可作动词,也可作名词。它是一个非常重要的词,它的相关词组一定要牢牢掌握。
[备考必背] 重要词组
under the control of 在……的控制下 out of control 失去控制
- Her car went out of control. 她的汽车失去了控制。
lose control of ... 对……失去控制
- John lost control of the car and crashed into a shop.
约翰的汽车失灵了,撞进一家商店。
be in control of 控制,管理
- He was in control of this program. 他负责这个项目。
(二十四期)
corn n. ①玉米,小麦 ②谷物,五谷
[特征]
美国人称“玉米”为corn,英国人称“小麦”为corn。此外,corn还有“谷物,五谷”的意思,相当于grain。
sweet corn 甜玉米 corn flakes 玉米片
- Corn is a very useful plant.
玉米是一种非常有用的作物。
- Was the camel carrying corn?
那头骆驼驮的是谷物吗?
correspond vi. ①符合,一致 ②与……相当 ③(与人)通信
[特征]
- The items don't correspond with my order.
这些条目与我的订货单不符。(表示“与……一致”,用介词with)
- His expenses do not correspond to his income.
他入不敷出。(表示“与……相当”,用介词to)
- He is corresponding with his teacher.
他正在和他的老师通信。(表示“与某人通信”,用介词with)
couple n. ①(一)对,(一)双 ②夫妇
[特征]
a couple of socks 一双袜子
- My sister and her husband are a happy couple.
我姐姐和她丈夫是对幸福的夫妻。
[考点]
the couple(一对夫妻)作主语时,谓语可以用复数形式,也可以用单数形式。
- The old couple have/has just left.
老两口刚走。
[备考必背]
①a couple of的意思是“一对,两个”,也可以是“几个”。
- I will stay here for a couple of days.
我要在这待几天。(不一定是两天,这是一种口语用法)
②美国人通常在a couple后面直接加名词,不用of,如:a couple days(两天);而英国人则不省略,只有加上more,less,too many等程度副词时才可省略of,如:a couple more apples(再多两个苹果)。
③辨析a couple和a pair
a couple指任何同类的东西,可以使成对的,也可以是不成对的,如:a couple of shoes;而a pair则指两件不可分割的东西,或一件东西的两个部分,如:a pair of trousers。
courage n. 勇气,胆量
[特征]
courage是一个可数名词。
- The soldier was awarded for his great courage in the battle.
这名战士因为在战斗中表现得非常英勇而受到奖励。


















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